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One vital means of raising energy efficiency is to introduce district heating in industry. The aim of this paper is to study factors which promote and inhibit district heating collaborations between industries and utilities. The human factors involved showed to affect district heating collaborations more than anything else does. Particularly risk, imperfect and asymmetric information, credibility...
An algorithm for determining optimal reserve capacity in a power market is presented in this paper. Optimization process in the proposed algorithm is based on the cost-benefit trade off. Market clearance is executed with consideration of uncertainties of power system components in an aggregated environment. It is assumed that both generating units and interruptible loads participate in the reserve...
This paper describes an experimental study conducted on a modern high speed common-rail automotive Diesel engine in order to evaluate the effects on combustion and pollutant emissions of water injected as a fine mist in the inlet manifold.First, a literature survey describing the several ways to introduce water in an internal combustion engine and reporting the main results from previous studies is...
Design of DMLHFLC (dual mode linguistic hedge fuzzy logic controller) for an isolated wind–diesel hybrid power system with BES (battery energy storage) unit is proposed in this paper. The design methodology is a hybrid model based on the concepts of linguistic hedges and hybrid genetic algorithm-simulated annealing algorithms. Dual-mode concept is also incorporated in this proposed controller because...
This paper analyses a steam power – two-stage binary cycle plant (SPP–2BCP), in which low temperature waste heat from a conventional steam power plant can be efficiently utilized to generate electricity by installing a bottoming binary cycle. The result from a previous calculation on the installation of binary cycle technology on a Steam Power Plant (SPP) with n-Pentane working fluid indicates an...
Most of the developed countries in the world use Daylight Saving Time (DST) as an energy conservation method. This study focuses on the effects of DST on electrical lighting in the buildings in Turkey. Turkey might adjust its daylight saving time to decrease energy consumption. For this purpose, five scenarios are considered and compared to status quo. The scenario with a 30-minute forward shift to...
The thermal performances of single and double pass solar air heaters with steel wire mesh layers are used instead of a flat absorber plate are investigated experimentally. The effects of mass flow rate of air on the outlet temperature and thermal efficiency were studied. The results indicate that the efficiency increases with increasing the mass flow rate for the range of the flow rate used in this...
This study has been carried out to investigate the characteristics of convective heat transfer and fluid flow for a single row of oblique plates array to the flow direction inside a channel. The flow inside the channel is laminar and the plates array have spanwise distance between the plates and heated by radiation. This configuration has been designed to be used for Photovoltaic/Thermal system (PV/T)...
This paper employs annual data for Malaysia from 1970 to 2008 to examine the causal relationship between economic growth, electricity generation, exports and prices in a multivariate model. We find that there is unidirectional Granger causality running from economic growth to electricity generation. However, neither the export-led nor handmaiden theories of trade are supported and there is no causal...
This paper presents a new formulation for the turbine-site matching problem, based on wind speed characteristics at any site, the power performance curve parameters of any pitch-regulated wind turbine, as well as turbine size and tower height. Wind speed at any site is characterized by the 2-parameter Weibull distribution function and the value of ground friction coefficient (α). The power performance...
This review paper assesses oil supply modeling techniques and critically evaluates their usefulness in projecting future oil production. It reviews models that project future rates of oil production, but does not address estimation of oil resources. The following types of models are reviewed: the Hubbert method; other curve-fitting methods such as exponential and Gaussian models; simulation models...
CFB (circulating fluidized bed) boiler bottom ash contains large amounts of physical heat. A BAC (bottom ash cooler) is often used to treat high temperature bottom ash to reclaim heat, and to have the ash easily transported. The unit thermal economic indicators of three CFB power plants in China were derived based on heat balance calculation and analysis on the principled thermal system in turbine...
This paper deals with experimental investigations of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine using biogas as a primary fuel and diethyl ether (DEE) as an ignition improver. The biogas is inducted and DEE is injected into a single-cylinder engine. For each load condition, best brake thermal efficiency DEE flow rate is determined. The results obtained in this study are also compared...
In this paper, Radial Basis Function network (RBF) is used for modelling and predicting the daily global solar radiation data using other meteorological data such as air temperature, sunshine duration, and relative humidity. These data were recorded in the period 1998–2002 at Al-Madinah (Saudi Arabia) by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Four RBF-models have been developed for predicting the...
The value and volumes of industrial stump fuel supply are increasing for energy production. Accurate estimates of aboveground and belowground biomass of trees are important when estimating the potential of stumps as a bioenergy source. In this study two stump biomass equations were adapted and tested using them as calibrated stump biomass models computed as the cumulative sum by a local stand. In...
In recent years, there has been a growing increase of the cooling demand in many parts of the world, which has led to major energy problems. In this context, solar assisted absorption cooling systems have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional vapor compression air conditioning systems, given the fact that in many cases the cooling demand coincide with the availability of solar radiation...
Significant energy savings can be achieved in some manufacturing enterprises through process integration. But in certain cases, the optimization of energy utilization should be combined with many items, such as the rational structures of energy consumption, the influence of seasonal variations, and application of waste heat recycling technologies, etc. This paper shows an example for process synthesis...
Wind energy is currently one of the types of renewable energy with a large generation capacity. However, since the operation of wind power generation is challenging due to its intermittent characteristics, forecasting wind power generation efficiently is essential for economic operation. This paper proposes a new method of wind power and speed forecasting using a multi-layer feed-forward neural network...
The increased requirement of hydrogen in the refinery is fulfilled by proper distribution of available hydrogen in the refinery, using additional hydrogen production system and by importing. Amongst these options first one is cost effective as no addition source is required. Thus, the present paper deals with optimum distribution of hydrogen. For this purpose mathematical models are developed based...
Availability analysis is applied to cylinder of a spark ignition engine during the combustion process under surrogate fuels (iso-octane, n-heptane, toluene, and methyl-cyclohexane) for gasoline using a two-zone combustion model. Special attention is given to identification and quantification of irreversibility of combustion process basing on the surrogate fuels. This is particularly important since...
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